| Bahan Kajian | - Pendahuluan: Sejarah perkembangan elektrokimia dan elektroanalitik, Penggolongan elektroanalitik, Satuan dan pengukuran, Reaksi elektrokimia, Sel elektrokimia, Elektroda, Potensial elektroda absolut, Potensial elektroda relatif, Elektroda acuan primer, Elektroda acuan sekunder
- Faktor yang berpengaruh pada pengukuran elektroanalitik: Sifat larutan elektrolit, aktivitas dan konsentrasi, faktor dari elektroda, faktor dari elektrolit, faktor cara transport, faktor listrik, faktor luar, konduktometri dan titrasi konduktometri
- Fenomena pada permukaan elektroda: Kesetimbangan elektrokimia, Jenis elektroda: generasi 1, generasi 2, generasi 3 dan elektroda spesifik, Struktur lapis rangkap Listrik, Termodinamika larutan elektrolit, persamaan Nernst dan berbagai aspeknya
- Pengukuran potensiometri: Rangkaian pengukuran potensial elektroda, Titrasi potensiometri dengan elektroda kerja dan referensi yang berbeda, Titrasi potensiometri dengan dua jenis elektroda kerja yang berbeda, Pengolahan dan interpretasi data
- Potensiometri dengan elektroda selektif: Sejarah perkembangan elektroda selektif, Jenis elektroda selektif, Mekanisme timbulnya potensial, Koefisien selektifitas potensiometrik
- Beberapa teknik pengukuran dengan elektroda selektif: Metoda perbandingan, Metoda kurva kalibrasi, Metoda penambahan tunggal dan ganda
- Beberapa penggunaan potensiometri diluar bidang kimia: Metoda potensiometri bagi monitoring korosi: Metoda potensiometri bagi pengukuran aktifitas biologi
- Konsep Dasar Voltammetri: Persamaan Nernst, Lapis rangkap Listrik, Proses Faraday, Proses Transport, Hubungan arus potensial (Voltamogram), Pengaruh laju transfer elektron terhadap voltamogram
- Teknik analisis voltammetri: Kronoamperometri, Polarografi, Voltametri Pulsa, AC Voltametri, Striping Voltametri, Aplikasi
- Aspek praktis pengukuran voltammetri: Sel Elektrokimia, Pelarut dan elektrolit pendukung, Penghilangan oksigen
Instrumentasi, Elektroda kerja, Modifikasi elektroda
- Studi mekanisme reaksi: Voltametri siklis, Sistem reversibel/irreversible, Mekanisme reaksi, Spektroelektrokimia
- Kajian perkembangan terbaru análisis elektrometri
| - Introduction: History of the development of electrochemistry and electroanalytical methods, Classification of electroanalytical methods, Units and measurements, Electrochemical reactions, Electrochemical cells, Electrodes, Absolute electrode potential, Relative electrode potential, Primary reference electrodes, Secondary reference electrodes
- Factors influencing electroanalytical measurements: Properties of electrolyte solutions, activity and concentration, factors from the electrodes, factors from the electrolyte, transport method factors, electrical factors, external factors, conductometry and conductometric titration
- Phenomena at the electrode surface: Electrochemical equilibrium, Types of electrodes: generation 1, generation 2, generation 3, and specific electrodes, Structure of the electric double layer, Thermodynamics of electrolyte solutions, Nernst equation and its various aspects
- Potentiometric measurements: Electrode potential measurement circuits, Potentiometric titration with different working and reference electrodes, Potentiometric titration with two different types of working electrodes, Data processing and interpretation
- Potentiometry with selective electrodes: History of the development of selective electrodes, Types of selective electrodes, Mechanism of potential generation, Potentiometric selectivity coefficients
- Some measurement techniques with selective electrodes: Comparison method, Calibration curve method, Single and double addition method
- Some uses of potentiometry outside the field of chemistry: Potentiometric method for corrosion monitoring, Potentiometric method for measuring biological activity
- Basic concepts of voltammetry: Nernst equation, Electric double layer, Faradaic processes, Transport processes, Current-potential relationship (voltamogram), Effect of electron transfer rate on voltamogram
- Voltammetry analysis techniques: Chronoamperometry, Polarography, Pulse voltammetry, AC voltammetry, Stripping voltammetry, Applications
- Practical aspects of voltammetric measurements: Electrochemical cells, Solvents and supporting electrolytes, Oxygen removal instrumentation, working electrode, and electrode modifications
- Study of reaction mechanisms: Cyclic voltammetry, Reversible/irreversible systems, Reaction mechanisms, Spectroelectrochemistry
- Review of recent developments in electrometric analysis
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