| Bahan Kajian | - Definisi filogenetika
- pohon rooted dan unrooted, pohon gen dan species
- bentuk representasi pohon, penanda molekuler
- metode kontruksi pohon filogenetika meliputi penjajaran sekuen multiple, UPGMA, metode distance, metode Neighbor-Joining, Metode maximum parsimony dan metode maximum likelihood
- statistical test
- program filogenetika meliputi program clustal, modeltest dengan PAUP, Phylip, MrBayesian dan treeview.
| - Definition of phylogenetics
- rooted and unrooted trees, genus and species trees
- tree-like representation, molecular markers
- Methods for constructing phylogenetic trees include multiple sequence alignment, UPGMA, distance-based methods, the Neighbor-Joining method, the maximum parsimony method, and the maximum likelihood method
- Methods for constructing phylogenetic trees include multiple sequence alignment, UPGMA, distance-based methods, the Neighbor-Joining method, the maximum parsimony method, and the maximum likelihood method
- Phylogenetic software includes Clustal, ModelTest with PAUP, Phylip, MrBayesian, and TreeView.
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